I've read some info from various sources, PCM Hammer Wiki, the BoredTruckOwner .bin & .xdf repository, and also different threads such as this: viewtopic.php?f=42&t=6537
What I've gathered:
P01:
ANY P01 OS can be flashed and ran on ANY P01 PCM.
P59:
Intel chipped P59 OSs can ONLY be flashed and ran on other Intel chipped P59 PCMs
AMD chipped P59 OSs can be flashed to both the Intel & AMD P59 PCMs. (those OS contain both Intel & AMD flash code).
PCM Hammer will identify the PCM flash chip prior to writing. However, it doesn't prevent you from writing the Intel only OS to a AMD chipped P59. Below is from Gampy
Lastly, there is no current way to check what flash chip a .bin has besides comparing your OS to a known OS."That does not mean it will prevent writing a Intel only Os on a AMD chip, it will write it.
Writing an Intel Only Os to an AMD chip causes no known issues other then the Os can't write to flash, thus it can't save Parameters"
EDIT: So far there's only 1 for sure OS limited to Intel chips (OS 12579405), typically seen in early 2003 P59 PCMs.
EDIT2: Once writing a new OS on your PCM and editing the VIN, you need to cycle IGNITION (NOT +12V CONST.) power so the PCM can write the parameters during this time. Otherwise, the VIN will not stick.
Does this seem correct? (EDIT3: Confirmed correct.) Is there anything I can help with verifying? Thanks again for all the work folks have put into developing the resources to access these PCMs!